Questions:
1. What are the signs of Horner Syndrome?
2. What signs and symptoms and signs can be associated with Horner syndrome?
3. Which eye drops can be used to establish the diagnosis of Horner syndrome?
4. What is the mechanism of action of cocaine when used to test Horner syndrome?
5. What is observed when testing for Horner syndrome with cocaine?
6. What is the mechanism of action of the apraclonidine when used to test Horner syndrome?
7. What is observed when testing for Horner syndrome with apraclonidine?
8. Which eye drop is used to localize which order neuron is involved in Horner syndrome?
9. What is the mechanism of hydroxyamphetamine when used to test Horner syndrome?
10. What is observed when hydroxyamphetamine is used to test Horner syndrome?
11. What is the classic cause of a first-order neuron Horner syndrome?
12. What does the combination of an ipsilateral Horner syndrome (first-order) and contralateral superior oblique palsy (fourth nerve palsy) suggest?
13. What does the combination of an ipsilateral Horner syndrome and (third-order) and an abducens paresis suggest?
14. What should the presumed cause of an acute painful Horner syndrome?
15. If the localization of a Horner syndrome is unknown what imaging tests should be done?
16. In a young child with an isolated Horner syndrome a workup should be done for what condition?
17. What imaging test should be done in a child with a Horner syndrome without a surgical history to explain it?