Questions:
59. What are the fundus findings of neuroretinitis?
60. When do the retinal abnormalities of neuroretinitis appear in the course of the illness?
61. What is the most common cause of neuroretinitis?
62. How does neuroretinitis affect the risk for multiple sclerosis?
63. What is the blood supply blood to the optic nerve head?
64. What is the blood supply blood to the retrobulbar optic nerve?
65. What is the origin of the short ciliary arteries?
66. What is the origin of the long ciliary arteries?
67. Do emboli usually reach the short or long ciliary arteries?
68. What arteries supply the iris and ciliary body?
69. Is the work-up for ischemic non-arteritic optic neuropathies the same as for a retinal or a cerebral infarction?
70. How much more common is AION than PION?
Archives for April 2019
Neuro-ophthalmology Illustrated Chapter 8 – Optic Neuropathies 5
Neuro-ophthalmology Illustrated Chapter 8 – Optic Neuropathies 4
Questions:
46. How is the diagnosis of neuromyelitis
47. In what setting does acute or subacute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) develop?
48. What condition may the clinical symptoms and MRI changes of acute or subacute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) mimic?
49. Is optic neuritis common in secondary and tertiary syphilis?
50. What are the typical findings of optic neuritis in secondary and tertiary syphilis?
51. What is the visual prognosis for adequately treated secondary and tertiary syphilis?
52. How is syphilitic optic neuritis treated?
53. Is syphilitic optic neuritis an uncommon cause of visual loss in patients infected with HIV?
54. What are examples of opportunistic infections invading the CNS that can produce optic neuritis?
55. Is sarcoid optic neuritis always associated with neurosarcoidosis?
56. What does the lumbar puncture often show in sarcoid optic neuritis?
57. What does the MRI typically show in sarcoid optic neuritis?
58. What kind of response to treatment is seen In most cases of sarcoid optic neuritis?
Neuro-ophthalmology Illustrated Chapter 8 – Optic Neuropathies 3
Questions:
36. In idiopathic demyelinating optic neuritis what percentage of cases have pain with eye movements?
37. In idiopathic demyelinating optic neuritis what percentage of cases is a spontaneous improvement is seen within several weeks?
38. In idiopathic demyelinating optic neuritis, what percentage of cases does visual acuity improves spontaneously to at least 20/40 at 6 months?
39. In idiopathic demyelinating optic neuritis, what is the overall risk of multiple sclerosis at 15 years?
40. In idiopathic demyelinating optic neuritis, what is the 15-year risk of multiple sclerosis if the brain MRI is normal?
41. In idiopathic demyelinating optic neuritis, what is the 15-year risk of multiple sclerosis if the brain MRI shows one T2-weighted ovoid > 3 mm in diameter, highly suggestive of multiple sclerosis?
42. In idiopathic demyelinating optic neuritis, what is the 15-year risk of multiple sclerosis if the brain MRI shows at least six T2-weighted white matter lesions suggestive of multiple sclerosis?
43. In a patient with optic neuritis and an abnormal MRI what percentage will not develop multiple sclerosis at 15 years of follow-up?
44. In idiopathic demyelinating optic neuritis, what can a lumbar puncture detect if the cause is multiple sclerosis?
45. In idiopathic demyelinating optic neuritis are oligoclonal bands in the CSF useful if the patient’s MRI has demonstrated findings consistent with multiple sclerosis?
Neuro-ophthalmology Illustrated Chapter 8 – Optic Neuropathies 2
Questions:
18. Is the onset of optic neuritis acute or subacute?
19. Is the onset of most cases of optic neuritis painful or painless?
20. Can the pain precede the vision loss in optic neuropathies?
21. Is the pain from acute optic neuropathy usually exacerbated by eye movement?
22. How long does the loss of central vision progress?
23. What 8 factors should be evaluated in a patient with a suspected recent onset of optic neuritis?
24. Under what circumstances should a lumbar puncture be done in optic neuritis?
25. Is bilateral optic neuritis is more common in children than in adults?
26. In optic neuritis, under what circumstances should an MRI of the spine with contrast be obtained?
27. In optic neuritis, under what circumstances should NMO antibodies be obtained?
28. What are the 5 categories in the classification of optic neuritis?
29. Optic neuritis is associated with what 4 demyelinating conditions?
30. What are examples of bacterial diseases associated with optic neuritis
31. What are examples of viral diseases associated with optic neuritis?
32. What are examples of parasitic diseases associated with optic neuritis? 33. What are examples of fungal diseases associated with optic neuritis?
34. What are the examples of post-vaccination optic neuritis?
35. What are the examples of inflammatory disorders associated with optic neuritis?