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Archives for January 2018

Neuro-ophthalmology Questions of the Week: Hallucinations and Illusions 1

January 31, 2018 By

Neuro-ophthalmology Question of the Week: Hallucinations and Illusions 1

Questions:
1. What is the difference between a hallucination and an illusion?
2. Are isolated visual hallucinations common in psychiatric disorders?
3. What is the Pulfrich effect?
4. What is the Charles Bonnet syndrome?
5. Which dementias may be associated with paranoid hallucinations and illusions?
6. What is the duration of migraine with visual aura episodes?
7. What is the duration of visual phenomenon of occipital seizures?
8. What is peduncular hallucinosis and where is its lesion?

Neuro-ophthalmology Questions of the Week: Specific Disorders of Higher Cortical Function

January 24, 2018 By

Questions:
1. What is the Balint syndrome and where is its lesion?
2. What is the Gerstmann syndrome and where is its lesion?
3. What is hemineglect and where is its lesion?
4. What are the symptoms of posterior cortical atrophy and where is its lesion?
5. What are the visual symptoms of Alzheimer disease and when in the course of the disease are they likely to occur?
6. What visual symptoms may occur in Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease?

Neuro-ophthalmology Questions of the Week: Terms – Disorders of Higher Cortical Function

January 17, 2018 By

Questions:
1. What are the names and functions of the 2 visual higher cortical function processing streams?
2. What are the findings in a patient with alexia without agraphia?
3. Where is the lesion in alexia without agraphia?
4. What is prosopagnosia?
5. What is visual object agnosia?
6. What is optic aphasia?
7. What is topographagnosia?
8. What is akinetopsia?
9. What is simultagnosia?
10. What is ocular apraxia?

Neuro-ophthalmology Questions of the Week: Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension (IIH)

January 10, 2018 By

Questions:
1. What are the symptoms of IIH?
2. What are the criteria for the diagnosis of IIH?
3. What is the ideal test when evaluating a patient with presumed papilledema?
4. A patient with papilledema has a normal brain MRI, what test should be done next?
5. What should one consider if the headaches of IIH do not improve (at least transiently) after lumbar puncture?
6. What does a normal Brain MRI in the setting of papilledema suggest?
7. What should be evaluated next in a patient with bilateral swollen discs, normal BP, normal CT with and without contrast, LP opening pressure >250mm and normal or abnormal CSF contents?
8. What should be evaluated next in a patient with bilateral swollen discs, normal BP, normal MRI with and without contrast, LP opening pressure >250mm and normal or abnormal CSF contents?
9. What are the main factors associated with IIH?
10. What condition can cerebral venous thrombosis mimic?
11. What can early recognition of cerebral venous thrombosis prevent?
12. Should papilledema from a meningeal process or cerebral venous thrombosis be classified as IIH?
13. What are the goals of the management of IIH?
14. What is basis for management of IIH?
15. What MRI findings are supportive of the diagnosis of IIH?